Effects of soil erosion on soil properties as related to. Water and wind erosion are two main agents that degrade. The flow of rivers and streams causes valley erosion. The spectacular episodes of erosion, such as the soil blowing on. In this paper, the diverse factors that cause soil erosion are assessed. Fire that destroys vegetation and triggers erosion has the same effect. Causes of soil erosion soil erosion occurs when natural forces, such as wind and water, act on the soil. Extensive erosion also minimizes the depth of soil available for water storage and rooting. Soil erosion is a worldwide challenge for sustainability of agriculture especially in the tropical region. When the rivers and streams are full of soil deposits due to sedimentation and the valley levels up with the surface. Water and wind erosion are two main agents that degrade soils. The water flowing in the rivers and streams tend to eat away the soils along the water systems leading to a vshaped erosive activity. Irving wallace library soil erosion issues in agriculture edited by danilo godone and silvia stanchi isbn 978 953 307 435 1 pdf isbn 978 953 51 4916 3 published 2011 10.
Soil compaction, low organic matter, loss of soil structure, poor internal. Rajesh kumar mishra, tropical forest research institute. Soil erosion is the detachment and movement of soil material. Soil erosion over decades can have detrimental effects on. Man can also cause soil erosion by such practices as tilling a farmers field or the. The primary causes are tillage, grazing, and cutting of timber. Runoff washes away the soil particles from sloping and bare lands while wind blows away loose and detached soil particles from flat and unprotected lands. Soil is the most fundamental and basic natural resource for all life to survive. An offsite effect of downstream movement of sediment, causing. Soil erosion issues in agriculture ebook pdf jan 30, 2020 ebook by. Pdf effects of soil erosion on agricultural productivity. Soil erosion occurs when upper layers of soil are removed from their original location in the process that is either slow and goes unnoticed for long periods of time or can be sudden and cause immediate damage for example. Another cause of accelerated exposure is that exposed subsoils may increase erosion on adjacent areas of a field.
The rates of soil erosion that exceed the generation of new topsoil are a dynamic process which leads to decline in the soil productivity, low agricultural yield and income. Pdf soil is the most fundamental and basic natural resource for all life to survive. Soil erosion can be a slow process that continues relatively unnoticed or can occur at an alarming rate, causing serious loss of topsoil. Tillage erosion causes the thinning of soils on upper slope areas and can result in. This loss of cropland to the effects of soil erosion often results in the. In agriculture, soil erosion refers to the wearing away of a fields topsoil by the natural physical.
The greatest challenge for sustainable soil management. Available data indicate that the effects of land erosion are widespread. This factsheet looks at the causes and effects of water, wind and tillage erosion on agricultural land. The causes and sources of land erosion generally include activities that. The major objective of studying this lesson is to understand the. Causes, effects and types of erosion water, wind, glacier. Soil erosion effects on soil productivity southwest watershed. The rate of erosion can be increased by activities other than those of humans. Soil erosion reduces cropland productivity and contributes to the pollution of adjacent watercourses, wetlands and lakes.
411 654 1337 1046 147 1150 666 107 1587 94 801 500 1571 905 810 1131 791 142 35 581 574 748 433 956 573 580 812 914 1396 164 640 1395 1215 993 1139 1362 851 248 592 840 470 36